Streaming resources for this Marcel L'Herbier Drama Movie. Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German: Protektorat B. Following the establishment of the independent Slovak Republic on 1. March 1. 93. 9, and the German occupation of the Czech rump state the next day, the protectorate was established on 1. March 1. 93. 9 by a proclamation of Adolf Hitler from Prague Castle. The German government justified its intervention by claiming that Czechoslovakia was descending into chaos as the country was breaking apart on ethnic lines, and that the German military was seeking to restore order in the region. Verwaltungsgliederungen in BFive months later, when the Slovak Diet declared the independence of Slovakia, Hitler summoned Czechoslovak President Emil H. To appease outraged international opinion, Hitler appointed former foreign minister Konstantin von Neurath to the post. German officials manned departments analogous to cabinet ministries, while small German control offices were established locally. The SS assumed police authority; Reichsf. The new authorities dismissed Jews from the civil service and placed them outside of the legal system. Political parties and trade unions were banned, and the press and radio were subjected to harsh censorship. The Germans drafted Czechs to work in coal mines, in the iron and steel industry, and in armaments production; some young people were sent to Germany. Consumer- goods production, much diminished, was largely directed toward supplying the German armed forces. The protectorate's population was subjected to strict rationing. German rule was moderate. The Czech government and political system, reorganized by H. The Gestapo directed its activities mainly against Czech politicians and the intelligentsia. The eventual goal of the German state under Nazi leadership was to eradicate Czech nationality through assimilation and deportation, and the extermination of the Czech intelligentsia; the intellectual . The Czech intellectual . The authors of Generalplan Ost believed it would be best if they emigrated overseas, as even in Siberia they were considered a threat to German rule. Just like Jews, Poles, Serbs, and several other nations, Czechs were considered to be untermenschen by the Nazi state. The death on 1. 5 November 1. Jan Opletal, who had been wounded in the October violence, precipitated widespread student demonstrations, and the Reich retaliated. Politicians were arrested en masse, as were an estimated 1,8. On 1. 7 November all universities and colleges in the protectorate were closed, nine student leaders were executed, and 1,2. Sachsenhausen within Nazi Germany; further arrests and executions of Czech students and professors took place later during the occupation. On 2. 9 September 1. Hitler appointed SS hardliner Reinhard Heydrich as Deputy Reichsprotektor. At the same time Neurath was relieved of his day- to- day duties, so for all intents and purposes Heydrich replaced Neurath as Reichsprotektor. Under Heydrich's authority Prime Minister Alois Eli. The deportation of Jews to concentration camps was organized, and the fortress town of Terez. On 4 June 1. 94. 2, Heydrich died after being wounded by an assassin in Operation Anthropoid.
Directives issued by Heydrich's successor, SS- Oberstgruppenf. In 1. 94. 3 the German war- effort was accelerated. Under the authority of Karl Hermann Frank, German minister of state for Bohemia and Moravia, some 4. Czechs were used as forced labor by the German Reich. Most of the Czech population obeyed quietly up until the final months preceding the end of the war, when thousands became involved in the resistance movement. For the Czechs of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia, German occupation represented a period of brutal oppression. Czech losses resulting from political persecution and deaths in concentration camps totalled between 3. The extermination of the Romani population was so thorough that the Bohemian Romani language became totally extinct. Romani internees were sent to the Lety and Hodon. It was designed to concentrate the Jewish population from the Protectorate and gradually move them to extermination camps and also held Western European and German Jews. While not an extermination camp itself the harsh and unhygienic conditions still resulted in the death of 3. Jews brought to the camp while a further 8. This local Czech Fascist party was led by a ruling Presidium until 1. V. The office and title were held by a variety of persons during the Protectorate's existence. In succession these were: 1. March 1. 93. 9 . He was removed from office after Hitler's dissatisfaction with his . He was officially only a deputy to Neurath, but in reality was granted supreme authority over the entire state apparatus of the Protectorate. May 1. 94. 2 . From 1. Karl Hermann Frank the senior SS and Police Leader in the Protectorate. A paper command of the Allgemeine- SS, with no operational authority, was also established known as the SS- Oberabschnitt B. He was replaced by Alois Eli. Because of his contacts with the Czechoslovak Government- in- Exile Eli. From 1. 9 January 1. Jaroslav Krej. When the dissolution of the Protectorate was proclaimed after the Liberation of Prague, a radio call was issued for Bienert's arrest. This resulted in his conviction to a three- year prison term in 1. Aside from the Office of the Minister President, the local Czech government in the Protectorate consisted of the Ministries of Education, Finance, Justice, Trade, the Interior, Agriculture, and Public Labour. The area's foreign policy and military defence were under the exclusive control of the German government. The former foreign minister of Czechoslovakia Franti. Joined the London- based Czechoslovak government in 1. Ji. Some Lidice children were spared because they were considered suitable for . German origin, while the rest were mainly ethnic Czechs as well as some Slovaks, particularly near the border with Slovakia. The protectorate was projected to become fully Germanized. Hitler had approved a plan designed by Konstantin von Neurath and Karl Hermann Frank, which projected the Germanization of the . Some 9,0. 00 Volksdeutsche from Bukovina, Dobruja, South Tyrol, Bessarabia, Sudetenland and the Altreich were settled in the protectorate during the war. Each of these was further subdivided into Oberlandratsbezirke, each comprising a number of Bezirke. B. This step divided the remaining parts of Bohemia and Moravia up between its four surrounding Gaue: The resulting government overlap led to the usual authority conflicts typical of the Third Reich era. Seeking to extend their own powerbase and to facilitate the area's Germanization the Gauleiters of the surrounding districts continually agitated for the liquidation of the Protectorate and its direct incorporation into the German Reich. Hitler stated as late as 1. Executed in 1. 94. Personal identification card of the Protectorate. See also. Harold Bold Verlag, 1. Crowhurst, Patrick. Hitler and Czechoslovakia in World War II: Domination and Retaliation. P9. 6.^Universities in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (1. Historical dictionary of the Czech State. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. The Czechs and the lands of the Bohemian crown, page 2. Hugh Le. Caine Agnew^ ab. The Czechs and the lands of the Bohemian crown, page 2. Fawn, Rick, and Ji. Historical dictionary of the Czech State. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. Retrieved 1. 3 April 2. Germany and the Second World War: Organization and mobilization of the German sphere of power. Wartime administration, economy, and manpower resources 1. Oxford University Press. Cambridge University Press, 1.
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